WMO Assessment of Weather and Climate Mortality Extremes: Lightning, Tropical Cyclones, Tornadoes, and Hail

Tropical Cyclones and Global Climate Change: A Post-IPCC Assessment

The very limited instrumental record makes extensive analyses of the natural variability of global tropical cyclone activities difficult in most of the tropical cyclone basins. However, in the two regions where reasonably reliable records exist (the North Atlantic and the western North Pacific), substantial multidecadal variability (particularly for intense Atlantic hurricanes) is found, but th...

Workshop on Tropical Cyclones and Climate

In final form 31 October 2006 ©2007 American Meteorological Society ropical cyclones (TCs) are among the most destructive of natural disasters. The statistics of TC occurrence and intensity are influenced by variations in the large-scale climate, but many aspects of this influence are poorly understood. Even less is known about the influence of tropical cyclones on the large-scale climate. Thes...

WCRP Grand Challenge: Understanding and Predicting Weather and Climate Extremes

Weather and climate extremes are an inherent part of climate. There is overwhelming evidence that the climate and its extremes are changing. As extremes affect every aspect of our society, decisionand policy makers, and stakeholders are increasingly asking for reliable predictions of extremes on time scales from days to seasons and centuries. To meet this societal need, the world climate resear...

patterns and variations in native and non-native interlanguage pragmatic rating: effects of rater training, intercultural proficiency, and self-assessment

although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

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